Also called the carpal joint, made of several (two rows) short bones. In dogs and other quadrupeds, as in humans, the movements of this joint are flexion and extension. The bones implicated have contacting areas that resemble a hinge. In anatomy, this joint is called humeral-radial-ulnar. We, humans, have a more ample range of movements for this joint.Įlbow. In dogs (and other quadrupeds) the movements of this joint are mainly flexion and extension of the shoulder (flexion closes the angle of the joint and extension opens it). The near-spherical surface of the humerus head matches a negative-shaped cavity in the scapula. The technical name of this joint is scapulo-humeral. The foreleg is attached to the trunk by muscles. Here you can see the anatomical (technical) names of the dog joints. They let the ribs rotate around their long axis so that they move forward (towards the head) during air intake and backward (toward the tail) during exhalation.įrom now on when we talk about synovial joints, we may just mention them (for simplicity) as joints Some of the most important joints in the dog. The joints of the spine with the ribs are called costovertebral. When it is in extension, the body projects itself forward (like a flying arrow). When a dog is running the spine will go in cycles of flexion and extension. As a whole, the spine moves upward (in dogs) or extension (straightening of the spine) and downward or flexion of the spine. These connections are of two types: the top part of the vertebra in dogs connects through intervertebral joints of the synovial type (mobile) while the bottom part (body) connects through cartilage type joints (semi-mobile). Vertebrae connect to each other through intervertebral joints. Intervertebral joints in dogs are like those of humans. Individually, the joints between vertebrae are not very mobile (the movement of the upper synovial joints is very limited, just a sliding movement), but as a whole, the spine can perform movements of flexion and extension. An intervertebral joint will have an upper part of the synovial type and a lower part of the cartilaginous type. The rest of the joints in the spine are called intervertebral. The movement is lateral (to the sides) of the neck (it moves the head side to side as if saying “no”). The first vertebra of the spine (atlas) connects with the second vertebra (called axis) and this joint is therefore called atlantoaxial (can’t think or know of a common name for this joint). Lowering the head is a flexion of this joint and raising it is an extension. The movement of this joint is flexion and extension of the head (as when saying “yes”). This joint is called atlantooccipital (technical name) or nape (common name). occipital bone) in a mobile (synovial) joint. The first vertebra of the spine (atlas) connects with the skull (i.e. Here you can see the common names of most dog joints. Some of the most important joints in the dog. There is a technical name and a common name for each joint. How are joints named?Īll dog joints have names. Dogs (and us) can move thanks to synovial joints. For instance, the elbow, the shoulder, and the knee are all synovial joints. You are probably more familiar with synovial joints. Examples of them are the joints of bones in the base of the skull, the connection between the body of vertebrae in the spine (drawings later in the article) and the hip (coxae) bones connection (left and right in the lower part of the pelvis). The most famous example of fibrous joints is the connection between most skull bones (also called cranial sutures).Ĭartilaginous joints are moderately mobile. They just stick two bones together (like glue). There are three types of joints (this is valid for us humans and other mammals):įibrous joints are not mobile. In this article about dog joint anatomy, we will cover everything (without going into extreme details) about dog joints structure. In fact, joint diseases like arthritis are so similar in dogs to humans that knowing how to cure joint diseases in dogs allows scientists to discover therapies for humans. Dog joints are similar to joints in mammals, including us humans. Simply speaking, joints are the connections between bones.
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